Encyclopedian Dictionary: 2013

Ginkgo biloba

Pronunciation key ( giŋ′kō ) ( jiŋ′kō ) ging•ko [ giŋ′kō ] n. [pl. GINGKOES (-kōz)], a ginkgo. gink•go n. [pl. GINKGOES (-kōz)] [Japan. ginko, gingko < Chinese yin-hing, silver apricot]. A large tree with fan-shaped leaves and edible yellow fruit native to northern China and Japan. maid•en•hair [mād′ʼn-hâr′] n. Any of a group of ferns with delicate fronds and slender stalks:...

Pectinate

Pronunciation key ( pek′tə-nāt′ ) pec•ti•nate Pectinate leaf adj. [L. pectinatus pp. of pectinare to comb < pecten a comb]. Having toothlike projections like those on a comb. References and Further Reading Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language (College Edition) ©1955 Firefly Encyclopedia of Trees, Edited by Steve Cafferty M.Sc. ©2005 Zoology Quest: Chart of Leaf S...

Ovate

Pronunciation key ( ō′vāt ) o•vate Ovate leaf adj. [L. ovatus < ovum, an egg]. Egg-shaped. In botany, possessing the shape of a longitudinal section of an egg. having a shape as such with the broadest end at the base as do some leaves. Ovate leaf References and Further Reading Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language (College Edition) ©1955 Firefly Encyclopedia of...

Lanceolate

Pronunciation key ( lan′si-ə-lit ) ( lan′si-ə-lāt′ ) lan•ce•o•late Lanceolate leaf adj. [LL. lanceolatus < lanceola, dim.; see LANCE (spear)]. Tapering, narrow like the head of a lance: said of some leaves. Lanceolate leaf References and Further Reading Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language (College Edition) ©1955 Firefly Encyclopedia of Trees, Edited by Steve Cafferty...

Deltoid ( and Deltate )

Pronunciation key ( del′toid ) del•toid adj. Deltate [Gr. deltoeidēs < delta (Δ) + eidos, form ]. Triangular, shaped like a delta. Designates or of triangular shoulder muscle, responsible for raising the arm away from the side. n. This muscle. Deltoid References and Further Reading Firefly Encyclopedia of Trees, Edited by Steve Cafferty M.Sc. ©2005 Webster's New World Dictionary...

Petiolate

Pronunciation key ( pet′i-ə-lāt′ ) pet•i•o•late [†] adj. [Mod. L. petiolus; L., a little foot, little leg, stalk, dim < pes, pedis a foot; petiole + ate]. Petiolate in botany and zoology, having a stalk or stalk-like properties. † both Funk & Wagnalls and Websters Dictionaries state this term is spelled Petiolate, while Firefly Encyclopedia of Trees states the spelling...

Decurrent

Pronunciation key ( di-kũr′ənt ) de•cur•rent adj. Decurrent [L. decurrens ppr. of decurrere < de-, down + currere, to run]. in botany, extending down along the stem, as the base of some leaves. References and Further Reading Firefly Encyclopedia of Trees, Edited by Steve Cafferty M.Sc. ©2005 Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language (College Edition) ©1955 Zoology Quest:...

Runcinate

Pronunciation key ( run′si-nit ) ( run′si-nāt′ ) run•ci•nate adj. Runcinate [L. runcinatus pp. of runcinare, to plane off < runcina, a plane (formerly understood as "saw")]. irregular saw-toothed, with teeth or lobes curved backwards as in some leaves. References and Further Reading Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language (College Edition) ©1955 Firefly Encyclopedia...

Emarginate

Pronunciation key ( i-mär′jə-nit ) ( i-mär′jə-nāt′) e•mar•gi•nate Emarginate leaf adj. [L. emarginatus see E- and MARGINATE]. having a notched margin or tip, as with some leaves or wings. Emarginate leaf tip References and Further Reading Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language (College Edition) ©1955 Firefly Encyclopedia of Trees, Edited by Steve Cafferty M.Sc. ©2005 Zoology...

Gasteromycetes

Gasteromycetes Gasteromycetes is an invalid term once commonly used for classification of fungi. The accepted term is now Basidiomycetes. Gasteromycetes included puffballs, earthstars, bird's nest fungi and stinkhorns. They differed from the pore and gill fungi in that all have a peridium over the spore-bearing surface. The peridium, usually several layers thick, ruptures and exposes the spores when they are ripe and fallen off the basidia. When spores are prepared for dispersal they may be scattered...

Hymenomycetes

Hymenomycetes Invalid classification (here). Current accepted name is basidiomycetes. The term was applied to a natural group classed in earlier systems as "true basidiomycetes". The hymenomycetes were a large, important and heterogeneous group. Their basic characteristic was that each exposes its hymenium (the fertile layer of basidia) before the spores have completed maturing. Hymenomycetes included the coral, tooth and leather, pore, and gill fungi. References and Further Reading A Golden...

Synura uvella

Synura uvella Found commonly in lakes and ponds. The cells of synura are joined to form a spherical colony. Each cell possesses two flagella. Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Chromista Subkingdom Chromista Division Chrysophyta – golden-brown algae, chrysophycophytes Class Chrysophyceae Order Ochromonadales Family Synuraceae Genus Synura Ehrenberg, 1834 Species Synura uvella Ehrenberg,...

Nostoc pruniforme

Nostoc pruniforme Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Monera – monerans Phylum Cyanophycota – blue-green algae, cyanophytes Class Cyanophyceae Order Nostocales Family Nostocaceae Genus Nostoc Vaucher, 1888, Ex Bornet and Flahaul Species Nostoc pruniforme C. Agardh Nostoc pruniforme, C. Agardh, Taxonomic Serial No.: 1168 References A Golden Guide: Non-Flowering Plants ©1...

Embryophyte

Embryophyte In the traditional classification system, the plant kingdom was divided into the Thallophytes and Enbryophytes. In the former division are various groups of algae, fungi and lichens. The Embryophytes are a more complex group including remaining classes of non-flowering plants in addition to flowering groups. Thallophytes totalled some 100,000 species, which fell into 15 or more classes. References...

Tracheophyta ( vascular plants )

Tracheophyta Some algal classes may have risen separately from others. Red algae may have come from blue-greens and others from the greens. Fungi perhaps arose directly from the flagellates. Bryophytes and later the vascular plants (those with a conducting system) may have evolved directly from green algae. Hornworts, although without roots or true leaves developed conductive tissues. True vascular...

Rockweed ( Fucus vesiculosus )

Rockweed Fucus vesiculosus Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Chromista Subkingdom Chromista Division Phaeophyta – brown algae Class Phaeophyceae Order Fucales Family Fucaceae Genus Fucus Species Fucus vesiculosus Direct Children: Variety Fucus vesiculosus var. sphaerocarpus Fucus vesiculosus, Taxonomic Serial No.: 11335 References A Golden Guide: Non-Flowering Plants ©1967 Fucus...

Sargassum Weed ( Sargassum vulgare )

Sargassum Weed Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Chromista Subkingdom Chromista Division Phaeophyta – brown algae Class Phaeophyceae Order Fucales Family Sargassaceae Genus Sargassum C. Agardh Species Sargassum vulgare Direct Children: Variety Sargassum vulgare var. foliosissimum (Lamouroux) C. Agardh Variety Sargassum vulgare var. vulgare Sargassum vulgare, Taxonomic Serial...

Sea Lettuce ( Ulva lactuca )

Sea Lettuce Ulva lactuca Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Viridaeplantae – green plants Infrakingdom Chlorophyta – green algae Division Chlorophyta – green algae Subdivision Chlorophytina Class Ulvophyceae Order Ulvales Family Ulvaceae Genus Ulva Linnaeus, 1753 Species Ulva lactuca Linnaeus, 1753 Direct Children: Variety Ulva lactuca...

Merman's Shaving Brush ( Penicillus dumetosus )

Merman's Shaving Brush Taxonomic Hierarchy Merman's Shaving Brush Penicillus dumetosus Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Viridaeplantae – green plants Infrakingdom Chlorophyta – green algae Division Chlorophyta – green algae Subdivision Chlorophytina Class Ulvophyceae Order Bryopsidales Family Udoteaceae Genus Penicillus J. B. de Lamarck, 1813 References A...

Caulerpa prolifera

Caulerpa prolifera Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Viridaeplantae – green plants Infrakingdom Chlorophyta – green algae Division Chlorophyta – green algae Subdivision Chlorophytina Class Ulvophyceae Order Bryopsidales Family Caulerpaceae Genus Caulerpa J. V. F. Lamouroux, 1809 Species Caulerpa prolifera (P. Forsskal) Lamouroux Direct...

Mermaid's Wine Glass ( Acetabularia crenulata )

Acetabularia crenulata Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Viridaeplantae – green plants Infrakingdom Chlorophyta – green algae Division Chlorophyta – green algae Subdivision Chlorophytina Class Ulvophyceae Order Dasycladales Family Dasycladaceae Genus Acetabularia J. V. F. Lamouroux, 1812 Species Acetabularia crenulata Acetabularia crenulata,...

Dasya pedicellata

Dasya Dasya pedicellata Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Biliphyta Division Rhodophyta – red algae Subdivision Rhodophytina Class Florideophyceae Order Ceramiales Family Dasyaceae Genus Dasya Species Dasya pedicellata (C. Agardh) C. Agardh Dasya pedicellata, (C. Agardh), Taxonomic Serial No.: 13404 References A Golden Guide Non-Flowering...

Laminaria ( Kelp )

Kelp Laminaria agardhii Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Chromista Subkingdom Chromista Division Phaeophyta – brown algae Class Phaeophyceae Order Laminariales Family Laminariaceae Genus Laminaria At present the species Laminaria agardhii specified on this entry can not be verified on itis.gov, though the genus Laminaria itself is listed as valid. Laminaria, Taxonomic Serial...

Irish Moss ( Chondrus crispus )

Irish Moss Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Biliphyta Division Rhodophyta – red algae Subdivision Rhodophytina Class Florideophyceae Order Gigartinales Family Gigartinaceae Genus Chondrus J. Stackhouse, 1797 Species Chondrus crispus (Linnaeus) J. Stackhouse Chondrus crispus, (Linnaeus) J. Stackhouse, Taxonomic Serial No.: 12092 References A...

Ceramium

Ceramium Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Biliphyta Division Rhodophyta – red algae Subdivision Rhodophytina Class Florideophyceae Order Ceramiales Family Ceramiaceae Genus Ceramium Ceramium, Taxonomic Serial No.: 12978 References and Further Reading A Golden Guide Non-Flowering Plants ©1967 Ceramium, Taxonomic Serial No.: 12...

Polysiphonia

Polysiphonia Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Biliphyta Division Rhodophyta – red algae Subdivision Rhodophytina Class Florideophyceae Order Ceramiales Family Rhodomelaceae Genus Polysiphonia Polysiphonia, Taxonomic Serial No.: 13440 References and Further Reading Golden Guide Non-Flowering Plants ©1967 Polysiphonia, Taxonomic Serial No.:...

Venus Flytrap or Venus's Flytrap

Pronunciation key ( vēnəs-iz-flī′trap′ ) Ve•nus Fly•trap Also known as Ve•nus’s-fly•trap Scientific name: Dionaea muscipula n. A plant found growing natively in the swampy bogs of North and South Carolina. It may grow between 4 to 14 inches tall and has a white flower and clustered leaves with two-hinged blades which instantaneously shut when triggered by invasive insects. View 750 px...

Padina

Padina Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Chromista Subkingdom Chromista Division Phaeophyta – brown algae, algues brunes Class Phaeophyceae Order Dictyotales Family Dictyotaceae J. V. Lamour. Genus Padina Adans. Padina, Adans., Taxonomic Serial No.: 11184 References and Further Reading Golden Guide, Non Flowering Plants, Golden Press, ©1967 by Western Publishing Co. Padina sp....

Trypanosoma

Pronunciation key ( trip′ə-nə-sōma′ ) tryp•a•no•so•ma n. Trypanosoma a trypanosome. —trip′ə-nə-sōm′ [< Gr. trypanon borer; + some (body)] a trypanosome. Any organisms that are classified as single-celled flagellate protozoa that live in the blood of man and other vertebrate animals and lead to serious disease such as the sleeping sickness. Any microscopic flagellate in the genus Trypanosoma...

Protozoa

Pronunciation key ( prō′tə-zō′ə ) Pro•to•zo•a n.pl. Ameoba. Trypanosoma. Monocystis. Stentor. One-celled organisms, belonging to this Phylum. [Mod.L., pl. of protozoon < Gr. prōtos, first + zōia, pl. of zōion an animal.] The phylum of protozoans. Phylum classified in the Kingdom Protozoa, which contains microscopic organisms composed of one cell and reproduce through binary...

Stentor

Stentor n. Stentor Among the ciliate protozoa in the Class Ciliata. Locomotion is achieved through cilia. Some species are ciliated only after division or encystment, others at all times. Reproduction is achieved through conjugation or binary fission. An example is Paramecium caudatum, a unicellular organism found in freshwater ponds. Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Protozoa Phylum Ciliophora Class Ciliatea Subclass Spirotricha Order Oligotrichida Family Stentoridae Genus Stentor Direct...

Monocystis

Monocystis n. Monocystis Spore forming Protozoa in the class Sporozoa. These parasitic forms lack organs for locomotion in the adult stage. Reproduction occurs either asexual by formation of spores, or sexual by means of gametes. An example of this is Plasmodium, the causative agent or pathogen of various malarias. Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Protozoa Phylum Protozoa Subphylum Mycetozoa Superclass Acanthophractida Class Sporozoa...

Needlepoint Holly ( Ilex cornuta )

Needlepoint Holly The [ species is a ] 'Needlepoint' holly - a Chinese holly. Alan Hight New Hanover Cooperative ExtensionAl Hight, Director Taxonomic Hierarchy Kingdom Plantae – Vegetal, plants Subkingdom Viridaeplantae – green plants Infrakingdom Streptophyta – land plants Division Tracheophyta – vascular plants, tracheophytes Subdivision Spermatophytina – spermatophytes,...